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www.ADandP.media of 20%. (MG1 and the planetary gear set are still coaxially located with the engine crankshaft.) The power control unit (PCU) has been repositioned so that it is bolted on top of the transmission, which means that there is now a direct high-voltage connection, so the number of orange cables that once snaked under the hood has been reduced. The size of the PCU is reduced by 33%, the mass is down by 11% and there is a 20% reduction in parasitic losses, so it is more efcient. Historically, the Prius has used a nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) battery. The fourth-generation Prius still does. At least one of the models does. There are three grade levels, Two, Three and Four, or Entry, Mid-Grade and Premium. There is a NiMH battery pack that provides 201.6-Volts standard on the Two models. There is a 207.2-Volt lithium-ion battery pack standard on the other models. A key diference between the batteries is that the lithium-ion has greater energy density than the NiMH, which means that it can store more energy by volume. That said, the Prius Two Eco model has the greatest estimated fuel economy of all of the vehicles: 58 city/53 highway/56 combined miles per gallon. The batteries in both cases are located under the rear seat. This provides greater storage space below the rear hatch. Of course, before anyone gets to the platform or under the hood, there is the exterior sheet metal of the 2016, which is quite simply a radical departure from certainly the last two generations. The theme for the stylists was "Yu-bi-shin," or "Ingenious Beauty." The car is lower, longer and wider than the previous model: GEN 3 GEN 4 Height: 58.7 in. 58.1 in. Length: 176.4 in. 178.7 in. Width: 68.7 in. 69.3 in. The roof peak has been shifted forward by 6.7 in., so there is still the triangular silhouette that has long been characteristic of the Prius, but given the shapes of the front bi-LED and LED rear lights, chances are one would have to look exceedingly hard at the profle to see the familiar resemblance. A key aspect of the shape of the car is to reduce drag as much as possible. The coefcient of drag for the 2016 Prius The lithium-ion battery pack for the Prius. Historically, the vehicle has had nickel-metal hydride batteries. The Prius Two model still does. All the rest get lithium-ion. In keeping with the advanced nature of the vehicle, there are plenty of information displays in the IP and center stack. 21 AD&P; ∕ JANUARY 2016 PRIUS